On the convergence of second order spectra and multiplicity

Let A be a self-adjoint operator acting on a Hilbert space. The notion of second order spectrum of A relative to a given finite-dimensional subspace L has been studied recently in connection with the phenomenon of spectral pollution in the Galerkin method. We establish in this paper a general framework allowing us to determine how the second order spectrum encodes precise information about the multiplicity of the isolated eigenvalues of A. Our theoretical findings are supported by various numerical experiments on the computation of inclusions for eigenvalues of benchmark differential operators via finite element bases.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, research paper

A modification of the Dewilde–van der Veen method for inversion of finite structured matrices

AbstractWe study a class of block structured matrices R={Rij}i,j=1N with a property that the solution of the corresponding system Rx=y of linear algebraic equations may be performed for O(N) arithmetic operations. In this paper for finite invertible matrices we analyze in detail factorization and inversion algorithms. These algorithms are related to those suggested by P.M. Dewilde and A.J. van der Veen (Time-varying Systems and Computations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, 1998) for a class of finite and infinite matrices with a small Hankel rank. The algorithms presented here are more transparent and are a modification of the algorithms from the above reference. The approach and the proofs are essentially different from those in the above-mentioned reference. The paper contains also analysis of complexity and results of numerical experiments

A trace formula for canonical differential expressions

AbstractWe prove a trace formula for pairs of self-adjoint operators associated to canonical differential expressions. An important role is played by the associated Weyl function

Analyticity and uniform stability in the inverse spectral problem for Dirac operators

We prove that the inverse spectral mapping reconstructing the square integrable potentials on [0,1] of Dirac operators in the AKNS form from their spectral data (two spectra or one spectrum and the corresponding norming constants) is analytic and uniformly stable in a certain sense.Comment: 19 page

Inverse Spectral Problem for Differential Operators With Rational Scattering Matrix Functions, Journal of Differential Equations

In this paper we obtain explicit formulas for the potential of an ordinary differential operator if its spectral function or its scattering functions are rational matrix functions which are analytic and invertible on the real line including infinity. The solution is given in terms of a realization of the spectral function or of the scattering function

Krein systems

In the present paper we extend results of M.G. Krein associated to the spectral problem for Krein systems to systems with matrix valued accelerants with a possible jump discontinuity at the origin. Explicit formulas for the accelerant are given in terms of the matrizant of the system in question. Recent developments in the theory of continuous analogs of the resultant operator play an essential role

Monotone power method in indefinite metric and inertia theorem for matrices

AbstractThe usual power method for matrices is generalized for contractions in indefinite metric spaces. This generalization unifies the power method and the inertia theorem in a natural way

Strings in five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space with a symmetry

The equation of motion of an extended object in spacetime reduces to an ordinary differential equation in the presence of symmetry. By properly defining of the symmetry with notion of cohomogeneity, we discuss the method for classifying all these extended objects. We carry out the classification for the strings in the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space by the effective use of the local isomorphism between \SO(4,2) and \SU(2,2). We present a general method for solving the trajectory of the Nambu-Goto string and apply to a case obtained by the classification, thereby find a new solution which has properties unique to odd-dimensional anti-de Sitter spaces. The geometry of the solution is analized and found to be a timelike helicoid-like surface

Fermion Systems in Discrete Space-Time Exemplifying the Spontaneous Generation of a Causal Structure

As toy models for space-time on the Planck scale, we consider examples of fermion systems in discrete space-time which are composed of one or two particles defined on two up to nine space-time points. We study the self-organization of the particles as described by a variational principle both analytically and numerically. We find an effect of spontaneous symmetry breaking which leads to the emergence of a discrete causal structure.Comment: 37 pages, LaTeX, 12 figures, minor changes (published version

Eigenstructure of order-one-quasiseparable matrices. Three-term and two-term recurrence relations

AbstractThis paper presents explicit formulas and algorithms to compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of order-one-quasiseparable matrices. Various recursive relations for characteristic polynomials of their principal submatrices are derived. The cost of evaluating the characteristic polynomial of an N×N matrix and its derivative is only O(N). This leads immediately to several versions of a fast quasiseparable Newton iteration algorithm. In the Hermitian case we extend the Sturm property to the characteristic polynomials of order-one-quasiseparable matrices which yields to several versions of a fast quasiseparable bisection algorithm.Conditions guaranteeing that an eigenvalue of a order-one-quasiseparable matrix is simple are obtained, and an explicit formula for the corresponding eigenvector is derived. The method is further extended to the case when these conditions are not fulfilled. Several particular examples with tridiagonal, (almost) unitary Hessenberg, and Toeplitz matrices are considered.The algorithms are based on new three-term and two-term recurrence relations for the characteristic polynomials of principal submatrices of order-one-quasiseparable matrices R. It turns out that the latter new class of polynomials generalizes and includes two classical families: (i) polynomials orthogonal on the real line (that play a crucial role in a number of classical algorithms in numerical linear algebra), and (ii) the Szegö polynomials (that play a significant role in signal processing). Moreover, new formulas can be seen as generalizations of the classical three-term recurrence relations for the real orthogonal polynomials and of the two-term recurrence relations for the Szegö polynomials